Integration of Three-Dimensional Point Clouds and Sensing Data for Digital Twin-Oriented Construction Management

Construction sites vary widely in scale and conditions, making it difficult to adopt a unified method for acquiring three-dimensional (3D) data. Standardized procedures for transferring 3D data across project phases and practical methods for utilizing such data have not yet been established. This study proposes a construction information system based on point-cloud data to support the development of a construction site digital twin. Field experiments were conducted at small-, medium-, and large-scale construction sites to evaluate the system’s applicability across progress, quality, and safety management. For progress management, daily point-cloud data acquired by unmanned aerial vehicles and high-elevation cameras were superimposed to visualize construction progress, and quantitative assessment of earthwork changes was achieved through point-to-point distance analysis. For quality management, time-synchronized video data enabled reconstruction of past site conditions from multiple viewpoints. For safety management, a single worker’s position data and heart rate data were actually collected and visualized, and a conceptual use case for integrating biometric information with point-cloud data was presented. At large-scale construction sites, unified management was demonstrated by integrating point-cloud data from multiple work areas on a single data platform using coordinate assignment and time-axis management. In this study, work areas refer to spatial subdivisions used for construction management purposes, rather than contractual or organizational boundaries. The results indicate that the proposed system can support efficient progress sharing and enhance situational awareness among stakeholders.