Diclofenac sodium is a widely used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) employed for the treatment of pain, inflammation, and musculoskeletal disorders. The present project focuses on the formulation and evaluation of a topical diclofenac ointment intended to provide localized therapeutic action while minimizing systemic side effects associated with oral administration. Topical delivery offers advantages such as improved patient compliance, reduced gastrointestinal irritation, and targeted drug delivery. Diclofenac acts by inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, thereby reducing prostaglandin synthesis. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate diclofenac sodium ointment using different concentrations of ointment bases. Diclofenac sodium was incorporated into a hydrophobic base by the fusion method. The prepared formulations were evaluated for appearance, pH, spread ability, viscosity, drug content, and in-vitro drug release. Results indicated that the formulation containing an optimized concentration of emulsifying agents exhibited satisfactory physical characteristics and enhanced drug release.
*K. V. M. Krishna, B. Jayaroop Prasad, V. Jwayal Kumar, I. Surendra, M. Rohith (Sun,) studied this question.
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