Affirmative Action Policies (AAPs) in India's context are treated as a critical instrument to address caste disparities persisting in society through quota reservation in distributing educational and employment opportunities. Even after such prolonged efforts made by the government through affirmative policies, there remain many issues that need to be addressed. The study is undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of affirmative policy (EoAP) by examining the impact of access to education (ACED) and access to employment (ACEM). The study employed an exploratory quantitative design, combining a literature review with primary survey data. The questionnaire was validated using face and content validity (FVI ≥0.8, CVR ≥0.75, CVI ≥0.80). Data were analyzed using PLS-SEM. The result of the study indicates that ACED significantly improves perceptions of policy effectiveness (β = 0.292, t = 4.656, p = 0.000), while ACEM exerts an even stronger influence (β = 0.530, t = 8.619, p = 0.000). The results suggest that beneficiaries evaluate affirmative policies primarily based on immediate and tangible access to opportunities rather than long-term impact on their educational and employment outcomes.
Pant et al. (Sun,) studied this question.
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