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July 8, 2026Scientific ReportsOpen Access

Optimizing energy efficiency in wireless sensor networks through advanced cluster-based routing protocols

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Authors

FMFathia A. MohamedMenoufia UniversityEHEmad S. HassanJazan UniversityMDMoawad I. DessoukyMenoufia University

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Overview

Randomized trial demonstrates improved energy efficiency in wireless sensor networks, suggesting enhanced network lifetime.

Key Points

  • The aim is to enhance energy efficiency and network lifetime in wireless sensor networks through advanced routing protocols.
  • Introduced a cluster-based proactive routing protocol for energy-heterogeneous networks.
  • Implemented threshold-based cluster head selection considering energy levels and distances to the base station.
  • Simulated performance against existing protocols: SEP, IMPLEACH, and EEECA-THWSN.
  • Proposed protocol increases network lifetime by up to 27% compared to existing protocols.
  • Improved performance metrics included total network lifetime, stability period, and throughput.
  • Minimized unnecessary cluster head formation, especially for low-energy nodes.

Cite This Study

Mohamed et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a4de871d2ea289ef6283206https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-11382-3
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  1. 1Energy-Efficient and Secure Routing Protocols for WSN Architectures, Strategies, and Performance.2024
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  5. 5An Intelligent Cluster Based Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Network2024