Jamming Recognition Based on Adaptive Feature-Focusing Convolutional Neural Network for Agile Cognitive Radar

With the advancement of cognitive radar, applying deep neural networks to radar jamming recognition has become an indispensable research direction. However, as a common anti-jamming measure, the agility of radar waveform parameters degrades the effectiveness of jamming recognition, creating a trade-off between jamming recognition and anti-jamming agility. Specifically, for the same type of jamming, radar agility in frequency, pulse width, and bandwidth alters the profile and scale features of the jamming, posing challenges to conventional CNN-based jamming recognition. To address this challenge, this paper proposes an Adaptive Feature-Focusing CNN (AFF-CNN). A pre-trained AFF module is designed to establish a mapping between agile parameters and adaptive feature scales. Operating on time-domain high-resolution range profiles (HRRP) and time–frequency domain short-time Fourier transform (STFT) data, this module calibrates deviations induced by radar inter-pulse parameter agility and enhances the capability of salient signal feature-focusing. Furthermore, a lightweight 1D-2D feature fusion CNN is designed to process these adaptive features and recognize jamming using single-pulse signals, thereby enhancing the network’s adaptability to inter-pulse parameter agility in radar systems. Simulation results demonstrate superior recognition accuracy and generalization capability compared to five comparative approaches, confirming effective adaptation to inter-pulse agility scenarios.