Body, death, self, and ethics: A phenomenological inquiry of bodily illness

Objective The author aims to create a phenomenological foundation for understanding the meanings of bodily illness and its ethical implications. Phenomenology focuses on subjective meanings and personal interpretations. It offers insight into the lived experiences under investigation. Bodily illness often brings vulnerability and a desire to avoid being objects of sympathy or attention. Although there are ethical frameworks for treating and coping with bodily illness, these can be rigid. They may not capture the full experiences and dignity of those affected. Methods This article uses a phenomenological conceptual approach to analyze the meanings of bodily illness, personal attitudes toward death, experiences of selfhood, and ethical reflection in treatment and coping. Conclusions Phenomenology lets us assign different meanings to physical illness. This approach changes how we understand the body, consciousness, self, suffering, and ethical reflection. Phenomenology gives ill people more agency and strengthens moral decision-making for those around them, including healthcare professionals.