Kinematic differences in the element performed with a big swing and a 360° and 540° rotation on uneven bars by highly qualified Russian and foreign gymnasts

The purpose of the study is to identify differences in the indicators of execution time and peak angular velocity of the element performed with a big swing and a 360° and 540° rotation on uneven bars by highly qualified Russian and foreign gymnasts. Research methods and organization. Analysis and synthesis of scientific and methodological literature, video analysis, and methods of mathematical statistics were used. Performances of highly qualified gymnasts from the Russian national team and foreign national teams at competitions of various levels were analyzed. Kinematic parameters of competitive routines were calculated using the Kinovea software. Research results and conclusions. Kinematic analysis revealed fundamental differences in the technique of the 360° rotation between leading foreign and domestic athletes. Foreign gymnasts were distinguished by a faster generation of movement in the shoulder and hip joints and a shift in peak angular velocity to the transition phase between rotations. The identified kinematic characteristics indicate the presence of a single universal motor strategy, in which an increase in the difficulty of the element is achieved through the adaptation of parameters without changing the basic movement pattern. Recommendations were given on synchronizing the time of reaching peak angular velocity of joint movements during the learning process.