Key result
In a retrospective analysis of infective endocarditis in Saudi Arabia, native valve endocarditis was predominant (81.5%), S. aureus was the most common pathogen (42.6%), and mortality was 29.4%.
Observational (n=83)
No
In a Saudi Arabian hospital cohort, native valve endocarditis was predominant, primarily caused by S. aureus, and associated with a high in-hospital mortality rate of 29.4%.
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Alerts clinicians to high IE mortality in Saudi Arabia; extends sparse regional data but requires prospective validation.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Data on infective endocarditis prevalence, epidemiology and etiology from Saudi Arabia and the Gulf region are sparse. We undertook this study to describe the pattern and the causative agents of endocarditis at a hospital in Saudi Arabia. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of all reported endocarditis cases at the Dhahran Health Center from January 1995 to December 2008. RESULTS: Of the 83 cases of endocarditis, 54 (65%) were definite endocarditis and the remaining 29 (35%) were possible endocarditis based on the Duke criteria. Patients with definite endocarditis included 39 males and 15 females (ratio of 2.6:1) with a mean age (SD) of 59.7 (18.2) years. Of the definite endocarditis cases, native valve endocarditis occurred in 44 (81.5%) cases of and prosthetic valve endocarditis was observed in 10 (18.5%). The most commonly involved valves were mitral (n=24; 44.4%) and aortic (n=20; 39.2%). The most common organisms were S aureus (n=23; 42.6%), Enterococcus faecalis (n=12; 22.2%) and viridans streptococci (n=9; 16.7%). Surgical intervention was required in 17 (31.4%) cases and the in-hospital mortality rate was 29.4% (n=15). Of all the patients, 3 (5.5%) had embolic stroke as a complication. CONCLUSION: Native valve endocarditis is the predominant type of endocarditis. The patients were older adults and the most common organisms were S aureus, E faecalis and viridans streptococci.
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Al‐Tawfiq et al. (2009) conducted an observational in Infective endocarditis (n=83). Infective endocarditis was evaluated on In-hospital mortality. In a retrospective analysis of infective endocarditis in Saudi Arabia, native valve endocarditis was predominant (81.5%), S. aureus was the most common pathogen (42.6%), and mortality was 29.4%.
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