Classification and Definition of Nature Education Trails Based on Visitor Characteristics: A Comparative Analysis of Forest Cultural Perception among Multiple Groups — Results of Questionnaire Surveys and Semi-Structured Interviews in YingGe Ling, Hainan, China

Forests are widely recognized as critical environmental assets that deliver diverse ecological, economic, and social benefits. Taking YingGe Ling Tropical Rainforest National Park in Hainan, China as the case study, questionnaire surveys and semi-structured interviews were conducted with multiple groups in the communities surrounding the forest. The selection distribution of different groups across four dimensions, namely contact mode with the forest, cherished value, knowledge source, and spatial projection, was compared in this research. The differentiated demands of various groups were systematically identified and translated into a nature education trail planning framework based on forest cultural perception of multi-groups, so as to provide a demonstrative Hainan Solution for community co-governance in tropical rainforest national parks worldwide.