Recent Advances in Design and Application of Thin‐Film Composite Membranes With Two‐Dimensional Material Functional Platforms

Thin‐film composite (TFC) membranes with superior separation performance are widely applied in membrane separation technology. However, the selective layer in traditional TFC membranes is limited by uncontrollable fabrication processes and structural defects, constraining the further enhancement of their selectivity and permeability. Introducing nanomaterials with two‐dimensional (2D) nanochannels as functional platforms into TFC membranes can regulate the fabrication process of the selective layer and optimize membrane separation performance. This review proposes the concept of 2D material functional platforms (2DMFP) and focuses on the effects of 2DMFP on the structure and performance of TFC membranes, such as regulating processes including interfacial polymerization, orientation induction, and in situ growth of the selective layer in TFC membranes. Additionally, the application progress of TFC membranes with 2DMFP (2DMFP‐TFC membranes) in desalination, wastewater treatment, and gas separation is discussed. Finally, the challenges and future research directions of 2DMFP‐TFC membranes are analyzed, aiming to provide new insights for the design and application of high‐performance separation membranes.