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This research aims to investigate the mechanical properties and damage evolution of deep coal under CO2 foam treatment.

July 10, 2026ProcessesOpen Access

Evolution of Mechanical Properties and Damage of Deep Coal Under CO2 Foam Treatment

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Randomized clinical trial demonstrates mechanical changes in coal under CO2 foam treatment, suggesting optimization opportunities for CBM extraction.

This research aims to investigate the mechanical properties and damage evolution of deep coal under CO2 foam treatment.
Characterized four coal samples from the Carboniferous–Permian No. 8+9 seam system.
Conducted petrographic analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), nanoindentation, triaxial compression tests, and CCNBD fracture toughness tests.
Evaluated coal specimens immersed in CO2 foam for varying durations (0-6 days) under specific conditions (50 °C, 20 MPa, 65% foam quality).
Bright coal's Young’s modulus decreased by 40% and its hardness by 30% after 6 days of immersion.
Semi-dull coal's Young’s modulus and hardness decreased by 30% and 17%, respectively, under the same conditions.
Fracture toughness dropped by 74% for bright coal and 55% for semi-dull coal, indicating higher damage sensitivity in bright coal.

Duan et al. (2026) studied this question.

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Randomized clinical trial demonstrates mechanical changes in coal under CO2 foam treatment, suggesting optimization opportunities for CBM extraction.