Effects of Physical Therapy in Improving Immune Function Among Patients with Neoplastic Disease: A Scoping Review

Neoplastic disease remains one of the world's most common causes of death, and its prevalence is predicted to increase significantly in the coming decades. Alongside traditional treatments, exercise is emerging as a complementary strategy to enhance immune function and improve overall well-being among cancer patients and survivors. This scoping review examines the evidence for various exercise interventions in modulating immune markers and improving resilience during and after treatment for neoplastic diseases. The following electronic databases were chosen: PubMed (U.S. National Library of Medicine, United States), Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and CINAHL; they were chosen to be comprehensive and to span a wide range of fields. Through a structured methodology adhering to PRISMA-ScR guidelines, eight studies were analyzed, revealing promising outcomes associated with aerobic, resistance, and combined exercise regimens. The findings suggest that exercise may enhance natural killer (NK) cell activity, reduce inflammation, and improve quality of life among cancer patients and survivors.