HIV infection revealed by intestinal perforation and chronic gastrointestinal symptoms: A case report

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a chronic infectious disease that attacks the immune system, leading to progressive immunosuppression and ultimately to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). We report the case of a 53-year-old man who presented with diffuse abdominal pain, chronic diarrhea, and significant weight loss. Despite initial treatment for suspected appendicitis, intraoperative findings revealed two intestinal perforations in the terminal ileum. Further investigation revealed chronic gastrointestinal symptoms, recurrent oral candidiasis, and a positive HIV status. Following diagnosis, the patient was promptly treated with antiretroviral therapy and treatment for opportunistic infections. This case underscores the importance of considering HIV in patients with chronic gastrointestinal symptoms and severe complications such as intestinal perforation, highlighting the need for early diagnosis and a multidisciplinary approach in the management of immunosuppressed patients.