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This review investigates how integrating IoT and renewable energy sources can improve the sustainability of vertical farming systems.

July 11, 2026Energy ReportsOpen Access

Autonomous smart vertical farming: A systems-level synthesis of IoT and solar energy integration for sustainable agriculture

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This review investigates how integrating IoT and renewable energy sources can improve the sustainability of vertical farming systems.
Conducted a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines, focusing on literature from 2015 to 2025.
Analyzed hybrid photovoltaic-thermoelectric generator systems and their integration with wireless sensor networks (WSNs) for smart vertical farming.
Sourced case studies to evaluate resource use efficiency including water, energy, and land inputs.
Hybrid energy-harvesting systems increase operational resilience and system uptime by 15–35% compared to single-source systems.
Enhanced real-time data-driven control of environmental conditions leads to improved resource efficiency in vertical farming.
Identified specific region-based challenges and research gaps in developing low-carbon, climate-resilient urban agriculture.

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Review identifies how smart vertical farming enhances energy autonomy and sustainability through IoT and renewable energy integration.

Mishu et al. (2026) studied this question.

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