BACKGROUND: Health care education increasingly requires nurses who are confident, entrepreneurial, and able to innovate. PURPOSE: To examine the relationships among self-efficacy, entrepreneurship, and innovativeness among nursing students and to test whether entrepreneurship mediates the relationship between self-efficacy and innovativeness. METHODS: This cross-sectional correlational study included 528 undergraduate nursing students from 4 academic years. Students completed Arabic versions of the General Self-Efficacy Scale, Entrepreneurship Measurement Instrument for Nursing Students, and Individual Innovativeness Scale. RESULTS: Self-efficacy correlated positively with entrepreneurship and innovativeness, and entrepreneurship correlated positively with innovativeness. Path analysis showed that self-efficacy predicted entrepreneurship, and entrepreneurship predicted innovativeness, while the direct path from self-efficacy to innovativeness was not significant. CONCLUSIONS: Entrepreneurship may act as a statistical pathway linking self-efficacy with innovativeness. Nursing curricula should combine confidence-building with entrepreneurial learning to support innovation.
Abdellah et al. (Thu,) studied this question.