Pastoral Care vs. Freedom of Conscience: Responsibility for the Administration of the Anointing of the Sick Without Consent in Poland—Canonical–Legal, Religious, and Medical Aspects

This article addresses the issue of administering the Sacrament of the Anointing of the Sick without the recipient’s consent, analysing it from canonical, religious, and medical perspectives in Poland. It indicates that, in accordance with the canon law of the Roman Catholic Church, it is permissible to act on the basis of a presumed request, particularly in emergency situations. At the same time, the fundamental importance of freedom of conscience and the autonomy of the human will is emphasised, as these constitute a significant limitation on pastoral intervention and are protected under Polish civil law. In conclusion, the paper argues for the necessity of maintaining the principle of proportionality between concern for spiritual welfare and respect for individual rights. The study employs an analysis and synthesis of normative and jurisprudential material. The analysis is comprehensive and multifaceted, whilst the synthesis enables the organisation and consolidation of the findings.