Low-Temperature SiO2–Al2O3–TiO2 Functional Ceramic Bodies: Material Design, Microstructure, and UV-A-Responsive Behavior

In this study, SiO–Al2O–TiO2 ceramic composites were synthesized at 850 °C using a conventional electric kiln. Photocatalytic UV-A-assisted removal tests of MB solutions were conducted on the samples under 365 nm UV-A near-ultraviolet irradiation, and their specific formaldehyde removal efficiency was predicted by simulating indoor environments. This study employed XRD, SEM-EDS, XRF, and model simulations to characterize four samples and evaluate their formaldehyde removal performance in indoor environments. The results indicate that when the TiO2 content reaches 10 wt%, the ceramic exhibits fine photocatalytic performance. The samples formed a crystal structure primarily composed of the anatase phase of TiO2, with a TiO2 content of 17.40 wt%. After 210 min of photocatalytic treatment, the decontamination rate of the MB solution reached 63.38%. By simulating an indoor pollution environment, this study provides a preliminary view of the potential of the samples to serve as decorative items capable of removing formaldehyde.