Sex differences in subjective cognition among middle-aged and older Hispanic/Latino adults: Findings from the HCHS/SOL and SOL-INCA

Introduction Sex differences in subjective cognitive decline (SCD) exist, yet the extent to which these differences generalize to underrepresented groups is unknown. Therefore, we investigated relationships between sex and SCD among Hispanic/Latino adults. Method Participants were 5985 Hispanic/Latino adults from the Study of Latinos - Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging. We performed survey-adjusted linear regressions to test the associations between sex (male/female) with SCD and modifications by cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, social and language acculturation. SCD was measured using the Everyday Cognition 12-item questionnaire, including executive functioning, memory, language, and visuospatial domains. Result Overall, females reported more SCD in language and visuospatial domains. This was less pronounced for 1) language SCD at lower levels of CVD risk, and 2) visuospatial SCD with higher language acculturation. Discussion Hispanic/Latina females self-reported more cognitive decline than males, but these differences were less pronounced in the context of lower CVD risk and higher language acculturation.