Key result
Fetuses exposed to maternal gestational diabetes mellitus had significantly lower left ventricular global longitudinal strain compared to normal fetuses (24 ± 4 vs 28 ± 4, P < 0.001).
Why the study?
Gestational diabetes mellitus is a common pregnancy metabolic disease that may cause fetal cardiac dysfunction, prompting evaluation using speckle-tracking echocardiography.
Does maternal gestational diabetes mellitus impair fetal cardiac function as measured by speckle-tracking echocardiography?
Cross-Sectional (n=99)
Does maternal gestational diabetes mellitus impair fetal cardiac function as measured by speckle-tracking echocardiography?
Fetuses exposed to maternal gestational diabetes mellitus exhibit subclinical cardiac systolic dysfunction, particularly in the right ventricle, which is detectable by speckle-tracking echocardiography before morphological abnormalities appear.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
May indicate subclinical fetal cardiac changes in GDM; leaves open whether findings predict outcomes or warrant intervention.
OBJECTIVES: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common metabolic disease that occurs during pregnancy and may result in fetal cardiac dysfunction. Our study aimed to assess the cardiac function in fetuses of mothers with GDM by a quantitative analysis software based on speckle-tracking echocardiography. METHODS: Forty-nine fetuses exposed to GDM and 50 normal fetuses were enrolled, and fetal echocardiography were performed and analyzed in this prospective cross-sectional study. We compared cardiac systolic function between the two groups using fetal cardiac quantitative analysis software. RESULTS: In the GDM group, left ventricular (24 ± 4 versus 28 ± 4, P < .001) and right ventricular global longitudinal strain (23 ± 4 versus 26 ± 4, P = .002) and right ventricular free wall strain (26 ± 6 versus 29 ± 5, P = .006) were significantly lower compared with the control group, whereas there was no significant difference in global spherical index (1.2 ± 0.1 versus 1.2 ± 0.1, P = .425). Additionally, 24-segment transverse fraction shortening of the right ventricle was more impaired than the left, and the segments with reduced fraction shortening were mainly located in the mid and apical sections of the right ventricle, and midsection of the left ventricle. CONCLUSION: Fetuses exposed to GDM may have cardiac dysfunction before the onset of cardiac morphologic abnormalities, and the right ventricle is more vulnerable than the left during fetal development.
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Huang et al. (2022) conducted a cross-sectional in Gestational diabetes mellitus (n=99). Maternal gestational diabetes mellitus vs. Normal fetuses (no maternal GDM) was evaluated on Left ventricular global longitudinal strain (p=< .001). Fetuses exposed to maternal gestational diabetes mellitus had significantly lower left ventricular global longitudinal strain compared to normal fetuses (24 ± 4 vs 28 ± 4, P < 0.001).
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