Randomized trial demonstrates improved efficiency in organic solar cells using engineered donors, suggesting a new design approach.
All‐small‐molecule organic solar cells (ASM‐OSCs) are promising for commercialization owing to their defined molecular structures and high reproducibility. However, achieving simultaneously optimized molecular ordering and favorable donor/acceptor (D/A) miscibility in the active layer remains a critical bottleneck limiting their efficiency. Herein, we designed a ferrocene‐end‐capped porphyrin donor, ZnP‐Fc, via terminal‐group engineering of ZnP‐TEH. The introduced electron‐rich ferrocene unit promotes interaction‐driven ordering and optimizes D/A compatibility, thereby forming compact π‐π stacking that is conducive to fast charge extraction. Consequently, ZnP‐Fc:6TIC binary device achieves a PCE of 15.44%, surpassing that of ZnP‐TEH‐based devices with higher J SC and FF. Furthermore, ternary devices based on ZnP‐Fc:ZnP‐TEH:6TIC leverage a donor‐alloy configuration to reconcile compatibility with ordered packing, delivering a PCE of 16.52%. Taken together, this work highlights end‐group engineering as an effective lever to manipulate molecular ordering and D/A compatibility, providing actionable guidelines for developing high‐performance ASM‐OSCs.
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Feng et al. (2026) studied this question.
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