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Techniques, such as microwave-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis, provide options to generate insect-bioactive peptides. However, allergenicity of these novel bioactive peptides remains a concern. Cricket protein was enzymatically hydrolyzed using conventional heating or microwave radiation. Protein hydrolysates were evaluated for DPP-IV and ACE inhibition activity, and tropomyosin-IgG reactivity (a major cricket allergen). ACE and DPP-IV inhibition was highest in the microwave-hydrolyzed protein (IC50 = 0.096 mg/ml and 0.27 mg/ml, respectively). All samples displayed tropomyosin-IgG reactivity; however, the lowest binding was obtained with the microwave-hydrolyzed protein. Raman spectroscopy revealed conformational changes, particularly in the Amide I and S-S regions, which may correlate to the observations in the immunochemical reactivity. In conclusion, microwave-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis can be a useful method for generating bioactive peptides from insect proteins and lowering their immunoreactivity, validating the potential of these treatments to generate bioactive, hypoallergenic peptides for food and pharmaceutical applications.
Hall et al. (Sun,) studied this question.