Semiarid environments are characterized by incipient pedogenesis, a low degree of chemical weathering, and limited leaching. However, some areas of the Brazilian semiarid region exhibit highly contrasting landscapes and environmental conditions, such as those associated with the Serra do Martins Sedimentary Formation. The objective of this study was to analyze pedogeomorphological interactions in a plateau area within the Brazilian semiarid region. For the geomorphological characterization of the study area, cartographic products were developed in a GIS environment using QGIS 3.22.11 software. Morphological, physical, and chemical analyses were conducted on seven soil profiles collected from distinct relief units. Five (5) geomorphological units were identified: (i) alluvial plain; (ii) structural valley; (iii) flat-bottom valley; (iv) escarpment; and (v) plateau. The area identified as plateau, associated with Ferralsol (Loamic, Dystric), is the most suitable for occupation with intensive land use, as the flat relief is favorable and the well-structured soils present low risks of erosion processes. The flat-bottom valley shows the occurrence of ferruginous crusts, which function as relief-maintaining features. All hydrological and sedimentological fluxes in the study area are directed toward the compartment identified as the structural valley, whose slopes are susceptible to the occurrence of erosional processes and mass movements. Escarpment areas are the most environmentally vulnerable. Finally, the alluvial plain is an area susceptible to flooding and is located in a sector that receives a high sedimentological load, which is confirmed by the presence of Fluvisols with marked discontinuities.
Rocha et al. (Mon,) studied this question.
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