Review of Diagrid, Shear Wall, Moment Frame, and Brace Tube Structural Systems for High-Rise Buildings under Seismic and Wind Loading

The increasing demand for high-rise buildings has emphasized the need for efficient lateral load-resisting systems capable of improving structural safety under seismic and wind loading [1–10]. Conventional moment-resisting frames often experience excessive lateral displacement and inter-storey drift, leading researchers to investigate alternative systems such as diagrid, shear wall, moment frame, and brace tube [2], [3], [6], [8]. This review paper critically examines published studies from 2018 to 2026 to evaluate the structural performance of these systems under various loading conditions [1–10]. The reviewed research primarily utilized ETABS, STAAD.Pro, and Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis in accordance with IS 1893 (Part 1):2016 and IS 875 (Part 3):2015 for structural assessment [1], [2], [3], [6], [7]. The literature indicates that diagrid systems generally provide higher lateral stiffness, lower storey displacement, improved drift control, and better material efficiency than conventional structural systems [1], [2], [5], [6], [8]. Similarly, shear wall systems significantly enhance the seismic performance of reinforced concrete buildings, while hybrid configurations combining diagrid and shear walls demonstrate further improvements in structural stability [2], [3], [7], [10]. The review also identifies research gaps related to super-tall buildings, octagonal plan configurations, multiple shear wall arrangements, and combined seismic wind performance evaluation, highlighting the need for further investigation in these areas [1], [2], [3], [8].