Comprehensive review evaluates analytical techniques for dapagliflozin in pharmaceuticals and biology, highlighting implications for future research.
Dapagliflozin (DAPA), a selective sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, is widely used in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus, with additional indications in heart failure and chronic kidney disease. The growing analytical demand for DAPA determination in pharmaceutical formulations, fixed-dose combinations, and biological matrices has stimulated the development of diverse analytical methods. This review provides a comprehensive evaluation of reported techniques for DAPA quantification in different matrices. Approaches discussed include chromatographic methods (TLC, RP-HPLC, UHPLC, LC-MS/MS), electromigration techniques (CE), and spectroscopic methods (UV–Vis, spectrofluorimetry). Emphasis is placed on key performance characteristics such as selectivity, sensitivity, linearity, robustness, and applicability to stability studies and bioanalysis. Recent trends, including the application of Quality by Design, green analytical chemistry principles, and advanced hyphenated techniques, are also addressed. While RP-HPLC remains widely used for routine quality control due to its robustness and accessibility, LC-MS/MS is generally regarded as the method of choice for trace-level bioanalysis owing to its superior sensitivity and selectivity. CE and spectroscopic techniques offer cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternatives, though with certain limitations. This review highlights current methodological gaps and outlines future directions for developing more sensitive and sustainable analytical strategies.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Gliga et al. (2026) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: