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Proof-of-concept comparison reveals race/ethnicity weakly predicts outcomes in neuropsychological tests, suggesting biases may exist.
= 22 African American). These results suggest that race/ethnicity is a weak overall predictor once other demographics are controlled, though systematic prediction biases may exist for specific measures. The indicator-coded framework can in principle accommodate mixed racial/ethnic backgrounds, though this was not tested here.
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Miller et al. (2026) studied this question.
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