The Emerging Role of Solanum Betaceum Cav. In Human Health: A Comprehensive Review of Its Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activities

Solanum betaceum Cav. (tree tomato or tamarillo) is an underutilized fruit belonging to the family Solanaceae that has gained considerable attention because of its rich nutritional composition and diverse pharmacological properties. The fruit contains a wide range of bioactive constituents, such as polyphenols, flavonoids, carotenoids, anthocyanins, vitamins, and other bioactive compounds that contribute to its health-promoting effects. Experimental studies have demonstrated a broad spectrum of biological activities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-skin-aging, antinociceptive effects, highlighting its potential as a functional food and nutraceutical. This review summarizes the phytochemical composition, and pharmacological activities of S. betaceum, with emphasis on the relationship between its bioactive constituents and therapeutic potential.