Molecular Orbital Theory for Octahedral Complexes: Playing with Cards

High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Teaching Molecular Orbital Theory (MOT) is often challenging due to its abstract concepts and mathematical formalism, which can make it difficult for students to grasp. To make this content more accessible and engaging, we developed a card game based on MOT principles. In this game, each card represents either a metal orbital, a group of ligand orbitals, or the resulting molecular orbitals generated through Linear Combination of Atomic Orbitals (LCAO). The objective is to form trios of cards that represent and require the evaluation of orbital combinations involved in the bonding interactions of octahedral coordination complexes. The activity was implemented in an Inorganic Chemistry II course at the Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES). A five-question multiple-choice test was administered before and after the game to explore its potential impact on student understanding. Results suggested trends consistent with improvement in student performance, with an increase in the number of correct answers and a reduction in “I don’t know” responses. In addition, a postactivity questionnaire revealed highly positive student perceptions: students highlighted that the game made learning more enjoyable, interactive, and collaborative, while also supporting the understanding of complex concepts. These findings are consistent with the integration of strategies, such as this low-cost and easily reproducible card game, supporting student engagement and contributing to the learning of abstract concepts in coordination chemistry and beyond.