Temple Architecture and Sculptural Art under the Rashtrakutas in Karnataka

The Rashtrakutas were among the most powerful dynasties of early medieval India and made remarkable contributions to Indian art and architecture. While their architectural achievements are most prominently represented by the rock-cut monuments of Ellora and Elephanta in present-day Maharashtra, the architectural and sculptural heritage of Karnataka has received comparatively less scholarly attention. As the political heartland of the Rashtrakuta Empire, Karnataka witnessed extensive temple construction and artistic activity under royal patronage. This paper examines the temple architecture and sculptural art developed under the Rashtrakutas in Karnataka, with particular reference to Pattadakal, Malkhed (ancient Manyakheta), Konnoor, Naregal, and Kukkanur. Through an analysis of architectural plans, pillars, sculptural programmes, and decorative motifs, the study highlights the artistic achievements of the Rashtrakutas and their contribution to the cultural history of medieval India. The paper argues that the monuments of Karnataka are as significant as the more celebrated monuments of Maharashtra in understanding the artistic legacy of the Rashtrakutas.