Following the patient - from referral to catheter ablation to home: a qualitative study describing and explaining atrial fibrillation patients' experiences

Abstract Introduction Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia and is associated with substantial symptom burden, reduced quality of life, and increased morbidity and mortality. Catheter ablation is increasingly used; however, patients often experience long and variable waiting times, short hospital stays, and limited follow-up support. Consequently, large parts of the treatment trajectory are managed by patients and their relatives, frequently accompanied by uncertainty and unmet information and support needs. While existing qualitative studies often focus on the post-ablation period, knowledge of patients’ experiences across the entire ablation trajectory remains limited. Purpose To explore patients’ experiences from referral to catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) and up to four months after the procedure within a Danish healthcare context. Methods This qualitative study used semi-structured interviews with patients undergoing catheter ablation for AF. Interviews focused on experiences related to referral, treatment, recovery, and post-ablation follow-up. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis, progressing from meaning units to categories and overarching themes. Results The analysis revealed six categories describing patients’ experiences throughout the ablation trajectory: (1) healthcare professionals fulfil a pivotal role; (2) targeted, individualized information is crucial; (3) expectations of recovery and life after ablation; (4) being concerned as an overarching feeling; (5) the need for a well-planned and structured post-ablation pathway; and (6) waiting time causing unnecessary voids. Two main themes emerged: Navigating the healthcare system, highlighting the need for organizational structures and professional support throughout the ablation pathway, and Living with uncertainty, reflecting ongoing concerns before and after ablation. Conclusion The findings underscore the importance of consistent involvement of healthcare professionals throughout the AF ablation trajectory. Coordinated, person-centered information, and a structured post-ablation follow-up pathway may reduce uncertainty, address patient concerns, and support recovery. Strengthening continuity and coordination of care across professional groups appears essential to improving patient experiences before and after catheter ablation.