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The European Green Deal emphasizes reducing global warming through sustainable approaches in all sectors, including building materials. Beyond lowering CO₂ emissions and production costs, extending the service life of structures minimizes maintenance needs and supports sustainability goals. This study investigates the effect of air-entraining admixture (AEA) dosage on the thixotropic properties of urea-containing cementitious systems. Urea has been reported to enhance workability and flowability, while AEAs mitigate freeze-thaw damage. Despite their combined potential, no studies have explored their interaction on thixotropy. For this purpose, two series of cement paste mixtures, control and 3% urea-modified, were prepared. Results showed that urea improved flowability, whereas AEA reduced it. Both urea and AEA increased time-dependent rheological parameters. These findings provide insight into the fresh-state behavior of urea-modified systems and contribute to developing more durable and sustainable cementitious materials aligned with the objectives of the European Green Deal.
Biricik et al. (Thu,) studied this question.