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Using ground source heat pump (GSHP) to heat buildings is an efficient technology to reduce energy consumption and CO 2 emissions. The photovoltaic thermal (PVT) coupled GSHP (PVT-GSHP) system can alleviate the thermal imbalance of the GSHP system under long-term operation. However, the impact of PVT with different positions in PVT-GSHP system on performance is unclear. This work presents two PVT-GSHP systems that arrange PVT in the source-side and load-side, respectively. Simulation models are established using TRNSYS software and the performances of two systems are comparatively studied. Results indicate that PVT-GSHP system arranging PVT in the source-side shows 3.02 % higher energy efficiency and 0.03 CNY lower levelized cost of electricity than PVT-GSHP system arranging PVT in the load-side. The response surface analysis method is employed to optimize the operation and structure parameters of the better system. It shows the best performances when the heat pump capacity is 28.50 kW, PVT area is 500 m 2 , and the flow rate of PVT circulating pump is 18550.5 kg/h. The optimal system has an energy efficiency ratio of 2.15 and a primary energy utilization rate of 85.48 %. This work provides a theoretical foundation for the designing and operating of PVT-GSHP systems.
Wei et al. (Mon,) studied this question.