HIV Prevalence, Risk Behaviors, and High-Risk Sexual and Injection Networks Among Young Women Injectors Who Have Sex With Women

Women injection drug users who have sex with women (WSW IDUs) constitute 20% to 30% of American women IDUs.1 Compared with other women IDUs, WSW IDUs have higher HIV prevalence and incidence rates and a greater likelihood of engaging in high-risk injection and sexual practices with men.1–16 Previous reports suggested that WSW IDUs may be particularly likely to engage in drug injection and sex with men who have sex with men (MSM)1,2,5,6,9,17–19 and to be subordinated and isolated within drug users’ social milieus and more generally.1,20,21 Historical and generational factors may have changed some relationships as a consequence of the HIV epidemic itself, however. Ethnographic data from New York City and Boston, Mass, suggest that many older MSM IDUs and WSW IDUs who injected drugs together may have died earlier in the epidemic, which might reduce the extent to which WSW IDUs currently engage in drug injection and sex with MSM. To further examine HIV risk among WSW IDUs, we compared social situations, injection and sexual networks, and behaviors of young WSW IDUs with those of other young women IDUs.