Key result
Among 2.4 million pediatric anesthetics, the incidence of pulmonary aspiration was 0.006%, with emergency surgery (OR 2.0; 95% CI 1.2-3.5) and higher ASA status significantly increasing the risk.
Why the study?
Perioperative aspiration is a rare but serious anesthetic complication that can cause hypoxemia or death, prompting this study to identify factors influencing its rate and resulting harm in pediatric patients.
Population
2 440 810 anesthetics administered in patients ≤18 years of age across 29 institutions
Design
Multi-institutional registry-based observational study
Authors
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Emergency surgery and high ASA status raise pediatric aspiration risk; leaves open whether targeted prevention reduces harm.
Observational (n=2,440,810)
Yes
Odds Ratio: 2 (95% CI 1.2–3.5)
Perioperative pulmonary aspiration in children is rare (0.006%) but can cause significant harm, with emergency surgery and higher ASA status being major risk factors.
Pfaff et al. (2020) conducted an observational in Pediatric patients undergoing anesthesia (n=2,440,810). Emergency surgery vs. Non-emergency surgery was evaluated on Perioperative pulmonary aspiration events (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.2-3.5). Among 2.4 million pediatric anesthetics, the incidence of pulmonary aspiration was 0.006%, with emergency surgery (OR 2.0; 95% CI 1.2-3.5) and higher ASA status significantly increasing the risk.
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