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Lithium metal anode (LMA) stands as a promising candidate for next-generation high-energy-density batteries, yet its viability is critically compromised by heterogeneous solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation. This interfacial inhomogeneity manifested as spatially fluctuating Li + transport kinetics provokes erratic lithium deposition and dendrite propagation. Here, we reveal that current strategies to homogenize SEI are impeded by an overlooked origin: crystallographic anisotropy-driven adsorption bias of electrolyte components across polycrystalline Li (poly-Li) surfaces, thereby dictating SEI heterogeneity. We further decouple the correlation between lattice orientation and adsorption energetics by engineering a dual-additive electrolyte fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) and propane sultone (PS). These additives establish plane adsorption uniformity, forming a homogeneous SEI that spatially synchronizes Li + flux. When paired with a high-loading LiCoO 2 cathode (3.86 mAh cm –2 ), the stabilized anode enables 80% capacity retention over 380 cycles under ultralean conditions (N/P = 2.30, E/C = 2.34 g Ah –1 ), tripling the cycle life versus conventional electrolytes while suppressing dendritic failure modes.
Wang et al. (Mon,) studied this question.