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Electrocatalytic CO 2 reduction reaction (CO 2 RR) to formate offers a promising route for carbon neutralization, but its reactivity is largely compromised due to the competitive hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) accompanying the activation of CO 2 at high potentials. Herein, we modulated the charge density around Sn atoms by introducing La 2 Sn 2 O 7 into SnO 2 , with the rich grain boundaries and fast electron transport of the heterostructure promoting CO 2 reduction. Combined theoretical calculations and in situ electrochemical attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) characterization revealed enhanced activation of CO 2 and adsorption of *OCHO intermediates by the constructed electron-rich SnO 2 . During the CO 2 RR process over 5 % La 2 Sn 2 O 7 /SnO 2 catalyst, the Sn oxidation state can be effectively stabilized by the oxygen vacancies and amorphous phases appearing around SnO 2 , with a FE of 70.7 % for HCOOH at −0.9 V vs. RHE and stable electrolysis of 39 h. This work provides an ideal approach for the development of highly stable Sn-based electrocatalysts .
Li et al. (Thu,) studied this question.