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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumor with high morbidity and mortality. Radiotherapy technology is a common treatment modality that can be used in all stages of HCC. However, in some cases, radiotherapy fails in clinical practice mainly because of the patient's resistance to radiotherapy, creating a bottleneck for future breakthroughs. HCC radiosensitivity is primarily related to DNA double-strand break repair, cellular autophagy, cell cycle, cellular metabolism, and hypoxic environmental regulators. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of its molecular mechanisms will be of immense importance in reversing HCC radioresistance. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the mechanism of action of radiotherapy on HCC, the cellular and molecular basis of radiation resistance in HCC, related treatment modalities, and future prospects.
Wu et al. (Fri,) studied this question.