A Revised Adiabatic Temperature Profile for the Mantle

Abstract This study reevaluates the adiabatic temperature profile of the Earth's mantle. The global average temperature at the 410‐km discontinuity is estimated to be 1839 (38) K by comparing the globally averaged depths of the 410‐km discontinuity with the previously determined phase diagram of the olivine‐wadsleyite transition in the system (Mg,Fe) 2 SiO 4 at two temperatures. The temperature at the 410‐km discontinuity is extrapolated to shallower and deeper regions using the adiabatic temperature gradient, which is estimated from the pressure‐volume‐temperature relations and heat capacities of the major mantle minerals, namely, olivine, wadselyite, ringwoodite, and bridgmanite. The experimental temperatures and pressures in the original studies used in these evaluations are recalculated using the recently proposed pressure correction on EMF of the W 97 Re 3 ‐W 75 Re 25 thermocouple. The uncertainties are evaluated by the Monte Carlo simulation. The temperatures on the adiabatic temperature profile are found to be 1646 (35), 1994 (40), 1960 (40), and 2587 (60) K, respectively, at a 50‐km depth, just above the 660‐km discontinuity, just below the 660‐km discontinuity, and at 2,800‐km depth. The lower mantle temperatures in the current estimation are lower than those given by Katsura et al. (2010), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2010.07.001 . The 50‐km depth temperature is slightly higher but generally agrees to that estimated from the melting of depleted peridotite.