Navigating cognitive challenges: assistive solutions for Parkinson’s (a narrative review)

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor symptoms as well as cognitive impairments that require attention in rehabilitation. In recent years, various assistive technologies have been used to enhance the quality of life and support daily activities in individuals with PD. However, their impact on cognitive function remains unclear. This review examines randomized controlled trials published in English between 2018 and 2024, identified through searches in PubMed, PEDro, and Scopus. Trials were selected according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria and assessed using the PEDro Quality Assessment, with statistical results of the included trials interpreted by the researchers. Seven trials met the inclusion criteria, with interventions ranging from 15 to 24 sessions involving technologies such as smartphone and computer applications, treadmills, exoskeletons, robotic walking, and virtual reality. Cognitive function was evaluated using validated scales, and findings suggest that assistive technologies positively influence memory, attention, executive function, and mood, alongside improvements in motor function and quality of life. While the results highlight potential benefits, further research is needed to identify the most effective assistive technologies for cognitive function and optimize their application in PD rehabilitation.