Public Opinion on Overturning Roe v. Wade : Separate Spheres Ideology, Abortion Identity, and Message Framing in a Three-Wave Panel Study

The U.S. Supreme Court’s decision in Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization (hereafter, Dobbs ) overturning Roe v. Wade was a landmark decision. We focus on the influence of gender ideology, measured by separate spheres ideology (SSI), on public perceptions of this decision. In a three-wave survey-experiment panel study with a nationally diverse sample, participants reported their endorsement of SSI, gender system justification, abortion identity, and attitudes toward abortion. At Wave 2, participants were randomly assigned to one of two message-framing conditions that differed in the number of facts about Dobbs or a healthcare control. Wave 3 examined the persistence of experimental effects. Overall, SSI was the only consistent moderator of message-framing effects on all outcome measures, with persisting effects on support for restrictive abortion policies and endorsement of the gendered status quo. SSI’s predictive influence in electoral choice and nonelectoral but gendered policy contexts is discussed.