Immersive educational innovation: Stakeholder perceptions on metaverse-based vocabulary learning in Saudi Arabia

This study investigates the educational potential and implications of Metaverse technologies—including virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), lifelogging, and mirror worlds—for vocabulary instruction in the Saudi educational context. Drawing on an integrative review of the literature and a detailed empirical investigation involving 110 educational stakeholders, the study examines perceived effectiveness, implementation challenges, readiness to integrate, and alignment with Saudi Vision 2030. This study employs advanced statistical methods (MANOVA, regression analysis, and interaction effect analyses) to reveal nuanced differences based on stakeholder roles, gender, and regional context. This research explores the perceived effectiveness, identified challenges, readiness levels, and strategic alignment of immersive technologies with Saudi Vision 2030. The study uniquely examines these variables across different professional roles, genders, and geographic regions, highlighting significant variations and nuanced perspectives. Results indicate a moderately positive overall perception regarding Metaverse technology’s potential for vocabulary learning, yet reveal critical differences: females generally expressed higher optimism and readiness compared to males, while stakeholders from Southern and Northern regions exhibited higher perceived effectiveness and readiness compared to those from Western regions. Moreover, Curriculum Designers and Technology Officers displayed notably higher readiness and perceived effectiveness compared to Ministry Officials and School Principals, who expressed greater reservations. By addressing stakeholder-specific perceptions and region-specific contexts, the findings offer targeted recommendations for tailored training programs, infrastructure development, and strategic communication to effectively leverage immersive technologies. Ultimately, this research provides comprehensive theoretical and practical insights aimed at facilitating effective educational innovation, improving vocabulary acquisition, and advancing strategic educational objectives aligned with Saudi Vision 2030.