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The influence of annealing, normalising, and quenching/tempering heat treatments on the mechanical and thermal characteristics of grey cast iron, widely used for automotive brake rotor systems, is primarily apprehended in this work. Based on mathematical modelling and microstructure characterisation, a new model has been developed to estimate the material properties as a function of phase fraction. The findings reveal that quenching/tempering produces excellent mechanical properties with an ultimate tensile strength of 580 MPa and a hardness of 249 Brinell hardness (BHN), representing 107% and 90% increases, respectively, as compared with the annealing process. It was found that the annealing process yields an ideal thermal conductivity of 48.7 W/K·m, but it impairs mechanical properties. The introduced mathematical model shows predictions with errors below 1.88% for mechanical properties and 0.1% for thermal conductivity. The novelty of the present study lies in the foundation of accurate associations between heat treatment factors, microstructural development, and resultant properties, allowing optimised design of brake rotor for particular performance requirements.
Muhsin et al. (Sat,) studied this question.