October 17, 2003Journal of the American Chemical Society427 citations
View Full PaperThe First Applications of Carbene Ligands in Cross-Couplings of Alkyl Electrophiles: Sonogashira Reactions of Unactivated Alkyl Bromides and Iodides
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Abstract
A Pd/N-heterocyclic carbene-based catalyst achieves the Sonogashira coupling of an array of functionalized, beta-hydrogen-containing alkyl bromides and iodides under mild conditions. By furnishing the first example of a nonphosphine-based palladium catalyst for cross-coupling unactivated alkyl electrophiles, this study provides an impetus for future efforts at catalyst development that extend beyond phosphine ligands.