Key result
Aging in healthy elderly individuals leads to structural vascular changes, decreased endothelial function, loss of myocytes and pacemaker cells, increased cardiac fibrosis, and reduced cardiac output.
Why the study?
The literature review was conducted to provide an understanding of cardiovascular changes occurring among healthy elderly individuals.
The aging process inherently leads to structural and functional cardiovascular deterioration, resulting in impaired cardiovascular fitness even in healthy elderly individuals.
Aging impairs cardiovascular fitness even in healthy elderly; leaves open targeted interventions to preserve function.
World Health Organization (WHO) defines health as a complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Health is one of the important and valuable values among the elderly. Aging is a progress of life in each individual. Unlike pathological conditions, the aging process will occurs in each individual. Elderly tend to experience physical, mental, and spiritual deterioration. The health status of each individual can have an impact on changes in cardiovascular function in the elderly. After each individual reaches the age of 30, heart-lung fitness decreases by 1% for each age, which increases by one year. At the age of 60, heart-lung fitness will decrease until 35%. The aim of conducting this literature review is to provide an understanding of the cardiovascular changes among healthy elderly. The main effects aging on the cardiovascular system are a changes in vascular structure, a decrease in vascular function, myocytes and atrial pacemaker cells, an increase in cardiac fibrous tissue, a decrease in the function of the ventricular, myocardial contraction, and cardiac output which results in impaired cardiovascular fitness among elderly.
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Ikhsan et al. (2020) conducted a review in Healthy aging. Aging vs. Younger individuals was evaluated. Aging in healthy elderly individuals leads to structural vascular changes, decreased endothelial function, loss of myocytes and pacemaker cells, increased cardiac fibrosis, and reduced cardiac output.
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