Porous zinc tin sulfide aerogel materials were constructed by metathesis reactions between Zn( acac ) 2 ·H 2 O and tetrahedral thiostannate cluster salts containing discrete [SnS 4 ] 4-, [Sn 2 S 6 ] 4-, and [Sn 4 S 10 ] 4- units. Self-assembly reactions of the Zn 2+ linker and anionic thiostannate clusters yielded polymeric random Zn/Sn/S networks with gelation properties. Supercritical drying of the gels and solvent/counterion removal resulted in a metal sulfur framework. Zn 2 Sn x S 2 x +2 ( x = 1, 2, 4) aerogels showed high surface areas (363−520 m 2 /g) and pore volumes (1.1−1.5 cm 3 /g), and wide bandgap energies (2.8−3.2 eV). Scanning and transmission electron microscopy studies show the pores are micro- ( d < 2 nm), meso- (2 nm < d < 50 nm), and macro- ( d > 50 nm) regions. The zinc chalcogenide aerogels also possess high affinities toward soft heavy metals and reversible absorption of strong electron-accepting molecules.
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Oh et al. (2011) studied this question.