Systematic exploration of triply heavy tetraquarks: spectroscopic and decay characteristics

While hidden, singly, doubly, and fully heavy tetraquark states have been experimentally observed, triply heavy tetraquark states remain experimentally unconfirmed. We systematically investigate the spectroscopic and decay properties of four triply heavy-flavor tetraquark systems ( ccc̄n̄ c c c ¯ n ¯ , ccc̄s̄ c c c ¯ s ¯ , bbb̄n̄ b b b ¯ n ¯ , bbb̄s̄ b b b ¯ s ¯ ; $$n=u,d$$ n = u , d ) based on the nonrelativistic quark model. Using an effective Hamiltonian, we employ the Gaussian expansion method to solve the four-body Schrödinger equation and incorporate the effect of color-spin configuration mixing. Results show both ccc̄q̄ c c c ¯ q ¯ and bbb̄q̄ b b b ¯ q ¯ systems have two JP=0⁺ J P = 0 + , three JP=1⁺