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The study aims to map the current distribution of Anopheles mosquito species in Scotland and their relationship with historical malaria hotspots.

July 20, 2026Malaria JournalOpen Access

Contemporary Anopheles vector species distribution in Scotland and its association with historical hotspots of malaria transmission

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Randomized trial maps Anopheles species distribution in Scotland, indicating potential malaria risk.

The study aims to map the current distribution of Anopheles mosquito species in Scotland and their relationship with historical malaria hotspots.
Utilized data from a Scotland-wide mosquito surveillance program and citizen science reporting from 2023 to 2024.
Applied species distribution models to predict distribution of Anopheles claviger and An. plumbeus.
Compared predicted suitability at historical malaria hotspots with randomly sampled background locations.
Anopheles species predicted to be widely distributed in coastal and lowland Scotland, with higher suitability in historical hotspots.
Altitude and landcover were the most consistent environmental variables influencing species distribution, while temperature and precipitation effects varied.
Predicted contemporary suitability for Anopheles species was consistently higher at historical malaria hotspots compared to background locations.

Killen et al. (2026) studied this question.

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