Key result
ETCO2 monitoring improves respiratory pause detection and reduces hypoxemia in non-intubated patients.
Why the study?
End-tidal carbon dioxide monitoring is standard during general anesthesia with intubation, but can also benefit non-intubated patients across various clinical scenarios.
This review highlights the expanding utility of ETCO2 monitoring beyond intubated patients to various clinical scenarios involving non-intubated patients.
Supports end-tidal CO2 monitoring in non-intubated patients; leaves open confirmation by randomized trials.
End-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) monitoring is an important tool for assessing respiratory and circulatory status of patients. It has become an integral component of perioperative anesthesia care in patients undergoing general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation. ETCO2 monitoring can also benefit non-intubated patients. This review covers the basics of ETCO2 and methods of partial pressure of ETCO2 (PETCO2) monitoring and focuses on the literature regarding PETCO2 monitoring for non-intubated patients. Most studies explored the superiority of PETCO2 monitoring in patients under sedation outside operating room, while others investigated the potential advantages of PETCO2 monitoring in other scenarios such as post-anesthesia care unit, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and patient-controlled analgesia. As carbon dioxide detection technology and sampling circuits continue to improve, PETCO2 monitoring is expected to be used in more medical scenarios.
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Wang et al. (2023) conducted a review in Non-intubated patients requiring respiratory monitoring. End-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) monitoring was evaluated. End-tidal carbon dioxide monitoring improves the detection of respiratory pauses and reduces the incidence of hypoxemia in non-intubated patients across various clinical settings.
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