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The study finds spin-dependent forces in heavy-quark-antiquark systems and predicts spin splittings, suggesting insights into particle interactions.
In a manifestly gauge-independent formalism, all relativistic corrections to the fermion propagation function are determined and the general form of the spin-dependent forces in quantum chromodynamics for heavy-quark-antiquark (qq̄) systems is derived. For example, the classical spin-orbit and Thomas-precession terms are found to be simple derivatives of the static potential. In addition to expressing the spin-dependent forces in terms of the minimal number of independent potentials, two new applications of this formulation are presented: (1) The effect of pseudoparticle solutions on the spin-dependent forces is analyzed, and (2) an electric-confinement assumption produces a zero-parameter spin-dependent potential. This potential determines the fine structure in heavy qq̄ systems. Spin splittings in the Υ system are predicted and the Jψ system splittings are compared with the experimentally observed values.
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Eichten et al. (1981) studied this question.
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