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This paper presents a frequency control mechanism for an isolated/islanded microgrid through voltage regulation. The proposed scheme makes use of the load voltage sensitivity to operating voltages and can be easily adopted for various types of isolated microgrids. The proposed controller offers various advantages, such as allowing the integration of significant levels of intermittent renewable resources in isolated/islanded microgrids without the need for large energy storage systems, providing fast and smooth frequency regulation with no steady-state error, regardless of the generator control mechanism. The controller requires no extra communication infrastructure, and only local voltage and frequency is used as feedback. The performance of the controller is evaluated and validated through various simulation studies in the PSCAD/EMTDC software environment based on a realistic microgrid test system, using small-perturbation stability analysis to demonstrate the positive effect of the proposed controller in system damping.
Farrokhabadi et al. (Tue,) studied this question.