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Municipal and quasi-municipal authorities have regulated activities and persons by exercising control over access to and use of spaces and municipal regulations targeting spaces but acting on groups of persons are scrutinized in the US and Canada, by those concerned with the rights of dispossessed urban groups. Land use is specific to planning and at the local level, 'use' is an absolutely crucial legal technology whose effects are best understood if 'governing through use' is contrasted to 'governing through persons'.
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Mercedes de la Rosa Valverde (2005) studied this question.
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